المراجع
الفصل الثاني
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Michael Dummett, Origins of Analytical Philosophy (Duckworth, London, 1993).
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Frederick Beiser, ‘The Context and Problematic for Post-Kantian Philosophy’, in A Companion to Continental Philosophy (Blackwell, Oxford, 1998).
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F. H. Jacobi, ‘Open Letter to Fichte’, trans. D. I. Behler, in Philosophy of German Idealism, ed. E. Behler (Continuum, New York, 1987).
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Max Stirner, The Ego and Its Own, ed. D. Leopold (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1995).
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Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness, trans. Hazel Barnes (Routledge, London, 1958).
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Fyodor Dostoevsky, The Devils, trans. D. Magurshak (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1971).
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Dostoevsky, The Diary of a Writer, trans. B. Brasol (George Braziller, New York, 1954).
الفصل الثالث
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David E. Cooper, ‘Modern European Philosophy’, in The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy (Blackwell, Oxford, 1996).
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Bernard Williams, ‘Contemporary Philosophy: A Second Look’, in The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy (Blackwell, Oxford, 1996).
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Stanley Rosen, The Question of Being. A Reversal of Heidegger (Yale University Press, New Haven, 1993).
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A. J. Ayer, Part of my Life (Collins, London, 1977).
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Georges Bataille, ‘Un-knowing and its consequences’, in October, no. 36 (1986).
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The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, ed. Ted Honderich (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1995).
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John Searle, ‘Contemporary Philosophy in the United States’, in The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy, ed. Nicholas Bunnin and E. P. Tsui James (Blackwell, Oxford, 1996).
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Mill and Bentham, Utilitarianism and Other Essays, ed. Alan Ryan (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1987).
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Mill, Autobiography, ed. J. Stillinger (Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 1969).
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C. P. Snow, The Two Cultures (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998).
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Stephen Toulmin, Cosmopolis (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1990).
Note: I owe the discussion of Ayer and Bataille to conversations
with Juha Himanka, and I owe the reference to Mill’s essay on Coleridge to
Jonathan Rée.
الفصل الرابع
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Richard Rorty, Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1989).
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Stanley Cavell, The Claim of Reason (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1979).
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Richard Rorty’s Introduction to Sellars’ Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1997)
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The Analytic Tradition, eds. David Bell and Neil Cooper (Blackwell, Oxford, 1990).
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Ray Monk, Ludwig Wittgenstein. The Duty of Genius (Jonathan Cape, London, 1990) and Bertrand Russell: The Spirit of Solitude (Jonathan Cape, London, 1996).
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Michael Ignatieff, Isaiah Berlin (Chatto and Windus, London, 1998).
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Ben Rogers, A. J. Ayer. A Life (Chatto and Windus, London, 1999).
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Rudiger Safranski, Martin Heidegger. Between Good and Evil (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1998).
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Georg Lukács, Soul and Form (Merlin, London, 1974).
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Jacques Derrida, Edmund Husserl’s ‘Origin of Geometry’: An Introduction, trans. J. P. Leavey (University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, Nebr., 1989).
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Martin Heidegger, Being and Time, trans. J. Macquarrie and E. Robinson, (Blackwell, Oxford, 1962).
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‘Wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung: Der Wiener Kreis’ in Otto Neurath, Empiricism and Sociology (Reidel, Dordrecht, 1973).
الفصل الخامس
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Kant, The Critique of Judgement, trans. James Creed Meredith (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1952).
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Emerson, ‘Experience’, in Selected Essays, ed. L. Ziff (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1982).
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Turgenev, Fathers and Sons, trans. R. Edmonds (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1965).
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Nietzsche, The Will to Power, trans. Walter Kaufmann and R. J. Hollingdale (Vintage, New York, 1968).
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Hegel, Phenomenology of Spirit, trans. A. V. Miller (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1977).
الفصل السادس
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Martin Heidegger, Pathmarks, ed. William McNeill (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998).
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Rudolf Carnap, ‘The Elimination of Metaphysics Through Logical Analysis of Language’, in Logical Positivism, ed. A. J. Ayer (Free Press, Glencoe, Scotland, 1959).
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Carnap, The Unity of Science (Thoemmes Press, Bristol, 1995) Arne Naess, Four Modern Philosophers. Carnap, Wittgenstein, Heidegger, Sartre (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1968).
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Heidegger, On the Way to Language (Harper and Row, New York, 1971).
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Karl Popper, ‘The Demarcation Between Science and Metaphysics’, in The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap (Open Court, La Salle, 1963).
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W. V. O. Quine, From a Logical Point of View (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1980).
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Wilfrid Sellars, Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1997).
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Wittgenstein, ‘On Heidegger on Being and Dread’, in Heidegger and Modern Philosophy, ed. Michael Murray (Yale University Press, Newhaven, Conn., 1978).
الفصل السابع
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Jürgen Habermas, Knowledge and Human Interests, trans. Jeremy J. Shapiro (Polity Press, Cambridge, 1987).
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Maurice Merleau-Ponty, ‘The Philosopher and his Shadow’, in Signs (Northwestern University Press, Evanston, Ill., 1964).
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Edmund Husserl, The Crisis of the European Sciences (Northwestern University Press, Evanston, Ill., 1954).
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Martin Heidegger, Being and Time (Blackwell, Oxford, 1962).
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Heidegger, The Concept of Time, transl. W. McNeill (Blackwell, Oxford, 1992).
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Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations, transl. G. E. M. Anscombe (Blackwell, Oxford, 1958).
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Frank Cioffi, Wittgenstein on Freud and Frazer (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998).
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Hilary Putnam, Meaning and the Moral Sciences (Routledge, London, 1978).